映画 "On Golden Pond" (1981) の台本おこしが完了

　母語話者の協力を得て、映画"On Golden Pond" (1981) の台本おこしが完了。

　英語が聴き取れないという問題は、大雑把にいって二つの問題があると考えている。

　そもそも言語経験が欠如していて聞いたことも読んだこともないフレーズの場合が、第一番目の問題。そもそも文字で見たとしてもわからないのだから、これが聴き取りで聴き取れるはずもない。たとえば、以下がそのいくつかの例。

・take the stern （船尾をとる）

・haul my ass out to Wyoming or Puerto Rico or...

・They call this Purgatory Cove, boy

・starboard, starboard

・I forgot you're a hot shot boat driver.

・Where do you juvenile delinquents think you're off too?

・exert yourself

・How's the angina?

　それから、文字におこしてみると、なんだそんな簡単なことを言っているのと、既知の単語である場合。ショックも大きくなるが、これは純粋に音の問題ということになる。音と一言でいっても、リズム・スピードの問題が大きい。抑揚があり、速い、リズム・スピードについていけないという課題になる。とりわけ、けんか腰だったり、感情が高ぶって、早口になると、もうついていけない。スピードとtake on （相手をする）などの句動詞(phrasal verbs)が課題となる。また、スピードがゆっくりでも、ささやくような語りや、年配者の発話もわかりづらい。まぁ慣れていないから慣れが大切ということになる。

　さらにこれに母語話者の冗談が展開されると私たちは煙に巻かれてしまう。Ethel をどうやって手に入れたのとビリーが聞いてのノーマンの答えがオートミールの箱の景品用の上ぶたで獲得したんだというジョークになると、全くついていけない。

　ところで、今回調べてみてあらためてわかったのだが、「黄昏」は、そもそも劇場用の台本であり、専門用語が出てくるような内容ではないため、語彙水準は日常語が多く、語彙水準が特殊なわけではない。だから、読んでもわからない水準の語彙は相対的に少なかった。したがって、既知の表現が多かった。

・Norman : I don't hear a thing.

・Ethel: ...the canoe off the porch...

・I'm qualified to...

・Didn't know they had gas back then.

・Think it's...

・My whole god-damn body is falling apart.

・Sometimes I can't even go to the bathroom when I want to.

・Let me tell you, and I can take on both of you punks.

・If I take the wrong turn, and wind up in Micigan or someplace, be sure you let me know.

・You're my knight in shining armor.

・What are you doing with a dotty old son of a bitch like me.

・I haven't the vaguest idea.

・Wouldn't it be nice if we could all get along this time?

・Well, they said they'd be here when they get here.

・What a treat!

・He'll be right in. He actually thinks you have to lock your car.

・It that it?

・I read it myself.

・All three of you.

・That leaves...

・I'm gonna send you...

・...on the diving board and he was all naked.

・Don't you remember he called me a spy and sent me to my room for the rest of the year?

・I was so bloody mad at him for yelling at you.

・But I let him float around down there for an hour or so freezing to death.

・I try to be selective about who I flash in front of, you know.

・Now that I'm out of hot air,

・I'll say. So have you.

・You can beat him

・Excellent

・We play serious Parcheezie around here. I let Norman win every week or so just to keep his spirits up.

・here's my little early bird. Are you having fun?

・And don't worry

・Got some pretty respectable fish wearing this.

・Surprised you still kept it, if it's Chelsea's.

・Uh, I might not stick around here.

・That wasn't it.

・We've got him for a whole month.

・Don't kill him

・There's a trout living in this cove that weights 10 pounds if he weighs an ounce. First saw him 3 or 4 years ago, hooked him 2 years ago, and again last year. He's a crafty old son of a bitch!

・throw her out

・It's floating, it's on the bottom. That doesn't do any good.

・Run with it!

・The big one's in back of me.

・Get the net down underneath him.

・Bring him up.

・It's a beauty.

・What? I sent away for her. Two box tops from Quaker Oats.

・He didn't win me at all.

・I won him in a contest- he was the booby prize.

・I can light a fire

・You mustn't let Norman upset you, Billy.

・Thayer IV

・Good God!

・It's really happened, hasn't it?

・Here, you get the big net.

・That's the place we haven't looked for the...

・Might as well...

・All right?

・Doesn't this look like the ideal hiding place for a crafty old...sonofabitch?

・I got the mother!

・The poor thing

・Let it go. Let it go.

・Why everyone has to talk about everything

・take us real slow

・Full throttle

・By God!

・Please. Oh, God, Norman. I'm sorry, I'm sorry. Hold on. There's a rock over here. Oh, Norman, Norman. Grab on to the rock. Grab on to the rock. Grab on.

・You're here.

・Norman and the kid are out on the lake.

・They should've been home hours ago.

・Norman is never late.

・Don't understand it.

・They'll be all right.

・out here this time of the night

・Gonna be all right.

・Giving the poor boy another chance to catch fish.

・Not any trout left in our cove.

・to last us...

・Except I think...

・No, no, he won't.

・It's only a sun fish.

・Doubting the word of a genius?

・It's a spectacle trout in this cove.

・Chased him out years ago.

・Well, it's a pretty good trout imitation.

・We caught Walter!

・It's just that ...

・He'll call you tonight.

・if Walter's lived this long, we should let him keep on living.

・A lot of...

・Don't be scared, the back-flip's one of the easiest dives of all.

・Doesn't matter if you don't do the...

・Billy can't take that fool thing on the plane.

・Know what this is?

・Show that to your new husband.

・he'll give us...

・Guess I'll be seeing you...

・Put the box down, darling.

・Is Billy going to be...

・The what?

　聴きとりの問題としては、言語体験・語彙力や聴解力のパワーが足りないため、不安定さという問題はたくさん起こる。

　冠詞や助動詞の省略形、現在形と進行形など、文法的には充分にわかっているはずなのに、音として弱音のために、聴き取りで冠詞が抜けたり、現在完了の短縮形が抜けたり、スピードが速くてbe able to が抜けたりする。試験で出題されればわかっている基礎文法でも、言語活動の中でしっかりと定着していないという弱点・課題なのだと実感する。

　それから、同様に、単語の発話が時間的に短いためなのだろう。put, have などの big wordsでないヤマト言葉の聴き取りがむずかしい。

　さらに、句動詞にたいする理解の問題がある。とくに自分はやわらかいヤマト言葉の句動詞に弱いことがわかった。孫がいないからセイヤ―という由緒ある名前も途絶えてしまうと皮肉まじりにぼやくノーマンに対して受け答えをするEthel の "take it out in style"がわかりにくかったのは、やわらないヤマト言葉の句動詞に馴れていないということだ。

　あと、文化的には、たとえばハッピーバースデーの歌は、"And many more!"とつけ加えるのが通常であるとか、ボードゲームのParcheezie (Parcheesi)、など、文化的なモノを当然にも知らないということがある。

　また英語の母語話者は、会話において名前で呼び合う文化ということはよく知られているが、この名前の聴き取りがむずかしい。湖畔のガスステーションで Sumner という名前が出てくるが、Sumner には馴染みがない。これが名前なのか家族名なのかもわからないのが普通の日本人の感覚だろう。

　また、傾向として、文頭に弱いということも指摘できるかもしれない。

（Right) 　　　 (Wrong)

・"I don't hear a thing." "How do you think?"

・"What were you doing... "How were you doing..."

・"For the ... pitysake." "For the Chrissake"

・"fill her up" "fill it up"

・"Do you know..."　　　　　　　　　　　　　　"You knew..."

・"when I was your age" "as your age"

・"...funny being old" "...funny thing old"

・"I'm living on borrowed time as it is." "I'm on borrowed time as it is."

・"and have some coffee." "I'll give you coffee."

・"Yet the rest is just bills and junk like that." "Yet the rest is just bills and junk"

・"Just his medicine." "Just your medicine."

・"Yup!" "Yeah!"

・"after we've gobbled up..." "after we gobble up..."

・"A thousand." "Thousand"

・"poor old Charlie" "poor Charlie"

・"You're gonna get back on your horse." "You can get back, of course."

・"we're gonna go, go, go." "you wanna go, go, go."

・"I was just talking.... " "I'm just talking..."

・"You have on that tie." "You put on a tie."

・"I put it there." "I put it up there."

・"... wasn't cause enough for a cereblation." "...wasn't cause enough the celebration"

・...wanted our little gril to feel welcome."　"... point out, little girl, see you welcome."

・"Wouldn't it be nice if..." "Would you be nice..."

・"I'm getting older by the minute." "I'm getting older than a minute."

・"Is that what they said?" "Is that what she said?"

・"That's a hell of an attitude!" "What's the hell of an attitude!"

・"Toss them on our knee." "Hoist on my knee."

・"We're the last of the Thayers, you know." "The last of the Thayers, you know."

・"This is my mother." "My mother."

・"Chelsea could find the way." "Chelsea gets to find the way."

・"Wanna take the boat?" "Wanna take a boat?"

・”A boat! All right!" "Oh, boat! All right!"

・"That son of yours..." "That sonny..."

・"something unusual, are you?" "something unusual"

・"You're having a good time, aren't you?" "You have a good time, won't you?"

・"...when I hear it." "...when I..."

・"I'll take just so much of it "Not take so much of it."

・"Bit verbose." "Both nice."

・"don't you remember I had that big light?" "don't you remember the big light?"

・"on the diving board and he was all naked." "on diving water with all make-it."

・"Nah" "Uh"

・"up there in California" "after in California"

・"Take it upstairs" "Take upstairs"

・"Go on." "C'mon."

・"That's a lawn chair." "That's a long chair."

・"What's her name again?" "What's your name again?"

・"a little assistance to get these candles out" "an assistant to get these candle off"

・"C'mon, everybody." "C'mon,"

・"What an incredible tradition!" "...incredible tradition!"

・"Must be a bitch in winter, huh?" "Must be bitching in winter, huh?"

・"What do you usually do at a time like this?" "What do you usually do the time like this?"

・"Watch your language." "What the language"

・"Another roll of the dice." "Roll the dice."

・"I'm 67 years older than you, " "I'm 67 years old"

・"...get your ass down at the dock..." "get your ass and..."

・"...back-flip one of the easiest dives." "...back-flip on the easiest dive."

・"Gimme your hook." "You, hook."

・"You gotta be patient when you're fishing..." "You'll be patient fishing..."

・"He's fat, lazy, and ugly!" "Fat, lazy, and ungly!"

・"Having fun?" "Have fun?"

・"Better than cruising chicks" "....cruising chicks"

・"For God's sake." "God's sake."

・"you lovely old sonofabitch!" "you lovely sonofabitch!"

・"Hear that boy. Get a fire going." "Boy. Get the fire going."

・I guess it's not safe..." "This is not safe..."

・"...around here, is it?" "round,..."

・"What are you staring at me for," "Why do you stare at me for,"

・"What the heck does that mean?" "What does that mean?"

・"I think it would be all right." "I think it will be all right."

・"Who are you calling Chelsea?" "Did you call me Chelsea?"

・"Get it in gear, Turkey!" "Getting the gear, Turkey!"

・"It's a dead loon." "It's the loon"

・"we're gonna be able to get out of here?" "we're gonnna get out of here?"

・"Pull up the ancoor." "Put up the anchor."

・"Eh," "Oh, oh"

・"Take it forward. Hard left." "Take it port."

・"we've been back and forrth three times." "we've been back..."

・"He's not that crazy." "Who's not that crazy."

・”It's full of rocks" "There's full of rocks"

・"How are my boys?" "How my boys?"

・"with his best buddy" "with his best body"

・"It's only a sun fish." "...some fish."

・"Hasn't been too difficult." "And he isn't too difficult."

・"What seems to be the problem?" "There seems to be a problem."

・"Will this mean..." "Oh. This mean..."

・"It'd mean a lot to your mother." "Mean a lot to your mother."

・"You know something?" "You know some?"

・"Chelsea did a back-flip." "Chelsea did it. Back-flip."

・"If I can persuade Norman..." "I can persuade Norman..."

・"Los Angeles is part of the United States." "Los Angeles is probably in the United States."

・"I'll miss you." "I miss you."

・"Let's get these last boxes out to the car..." "Let's get these last boxes out of the car..."

・"Not too heavy, is it?" "That's too heavy, isn't it?"

・"I'll get your medicine. Here." "I'll get you a medicine."

・"Dear God!" "God!"

・"call the hospital..." "call a hospital..."

　それから、音として、なんとなく推測はついたのだが、意味も推測がつくようなわからないような例。これもパワー不足からのことで不安定さを増強する。

punksは知っていたし、nit-witsも、いじわるな若者たちをnit-witsと呼んでいるのでこうした類のものは推測がつく。ただし、おそらくdaddy から来ているのだろうが、dadder はわからなかった。こうした変種は、いろいろあってついて行けない。他にも、sir の変種の"sirree"も登場しているが、全くついていけなかった。